NEXRAD Level 2#
import cmweather # noqa
import xarray as xr
from open_radar_data import DATASETS
import xradar as xd
Download#
Fetching NEXRAD Level2 radar data file from open-radar-data repository.
filename = DATASETS.fetch("KATX20130717_195021_V06")
Downloading file 'KATX20130717_195021_V06' from 'https://github.com/openradar/open-radar-data/raw/main/data/KATX20130717_195021_V06' to '/home/docs/.cache/open-radar-data'.
xr.open_dataset#
Making use of the xarray nexradlevel2 backend. We also need to provide the group. Note, that we are using CfRadial2 group access pattern.
ds = xr.open_dataset(filename, group="sweep_0", engine="nexradlevel2")
display(ds)
<xarray.Dataset> Size: 42MB
Dimensions: (azimuth: 720, range: 1832)
Coordinates:
* azimuth (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.2582 0.7526 1.272 ... 359.3 359.8
elevation (azimuth) float64 6kB ...
time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 6kB ...
* range (range) float32 7kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 4.599e+05
longitude float64 8B ...
latitude float64 8B ...
altitude int64 8B ...
Data variables:
DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
sweep_mode <U20 80B ...
sweep_number int64 8B ...
prt_mode <U7 28B ...
follow_mode <U7 28B ...
sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B ...
Attributes: (12/16)
instrument_name: KATX
scan_name: VCP-11
dynamic_scan_type: standard
mpda_vcp: False
base_tilt_vcp: False
num_base_tilts: 0
... ...
vcp_pulse_width: short
avset_enabled: False
ebc_enabled: False
super_res_status: 2
rda_build_number: 1320
operational_mode: 4ds
<xarray.Dataset> Size: 42MB
Dimensions: (azimuth: 720, range: 1832)
Coordinates:
* azimuth (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.2582 0.7526 1.272 ... 359.3 359.8
elevation (azimuth) float64 6kB ...
time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 6kB ...
* range (range) float32 7kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 4.599e+05
longitude float64 8B ...
latitude float64 8B ...
altitude int64 8B ...
Data variables:
DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
sweep_mode <U20 80B ...
sweep_number int64 8B ...
prt_mode <U7 28B ...
follow_mode <U7 28B ...
sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B ...
Attributes: (12/16)
instrument_name: KATX
scan_name: VCP-11
dynamic_scan_type: standard
mpda_vcp: False
base_tilt_vcp: False
num_base_tilts: 0
... ...
vcp_pulse_width: short
avset_enabled: False
ebc_enabled: False
super_res_status: 2
rda_build_number: 1320
operational_mode: 4import numpy as np
np.testing.assert_almost_equal(ds.sweep_fixed_angle.values, 0.4833984)
Plot Time vs. Azimuth#
ds.azimuth.plot()
[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x78dff6486490>]
Plot Range vs. Time#
We need to sort by time and specify the y-coordinate.
ds.DBZH.sortby("time").plot(y="time", cmap="HomeyerRainbow")
<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x78dff6339d30>
Plot Range vs. Azimuth#
ds.DBZH.plot(cmap="HomeyerRainbow")
<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x78dfee082710>
backend_kwargs#
Beside first_dim there are several additional backend_kwargs for the nexradlevel2 backend, which handle different aspects of angle alignment. This comes into play, when azimuth and/or elevation arrays are not evenly spacend and other issues.
help(xd.io.NexradLevel2BackendEntrypoint)
Help on class NexradLevel2BackendEntrypoint in module xradar.io.backends.nexrad_level2:
class NexradLevel2BackendEntrypoint(xarray.backends.common.BackendEntrypoint)
| Xarray BackendEntrypoint for NEXRAD Level2 Data
|
| Method resolution order:
| NexradLevel2BackendEntrypoint
| xarray.backends.common.BackendEntrypoint
| builtins.object
|
| Methods defined here:
|
| open_dataset(
| self,
| filename_or_obj,
| *,
| mask_and_scale=True,
| decode_times=True,
| concat_characters=True,
| decode_coords=True,
| drop_variables=None,
| use_cftime=None,
| decode_timedelta=None,
| group=None,
| lock=None,
| first_dim='auto',
| reindex_angle=False,
| fix_second_angle=False,
| site_as_coords=True,
| optional=True
| )
| Backend open_dataset method used by Xarray in :py:func:`~xarray.open_dataset`.
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Data and other attributes defined here:
|
| __annotations__ = {}
|
| description = 'Open NEXRAD Level2 files in Xarray'
|
| open_dataset_parameters = ('filename_or_obj', 'mask_and_scale', 'decod...
|
| url = 'tbd'
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Methods inherited from xarray.backends.common.BackendEntrypoint:
|
| __repr__(self) -> 'str'
| Return repr(self).
|
| guess_can_open(self, filename_or_obj: 'T_PathFileOrDataStore') -> 'bool'
| Backend open_dataset method used by Xarray in :py:func:`~xarray.open_dataset`.
|
| open_datatree(
| self,
| filename_or_obj: 'T_PathFileOrDataStore',
| *,
| drop_variables: 'str | Iterable[str] | None' = None
| ) -> 'DataTree'
| Backend open_datatree method used by Xarray in :py:func:`~xarray.open_datatree`.
|
| If implemented, set the class variable supports_groups to True.
|
| open_groups_as_dict(
| self,
| filename_or_obj: 'T_PathFileOrDataStore',
| *,
| drop_variables: 'str | Iterable[str] | None' = None
| ) -> 'dict[str, Dataset]'
| Opens a dictionary mapping from group names to Datasets.
|
| Called by :py:func:`~xarray.open_groups`.
| This function exists to provide a universal way to open all groups in a file,
| before applying any additional consistency checks or requirements necessary
| to create a `DataTree` object (typically done using :py:meth:`~xarray.DataTree.from_dict`).
|
| If implemented, set the class variable supports_groups to True.
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Data descriptors inherited from xarray.backends.common.BackendEntrypoint:
|
| __dict__
| dictionary for instance variables
|
| __weakref__
| list of weak references to the object
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Data and other attributes inherited from xarray.backends.common.BackendEntrypoint:
|
| supports_groups = False
ds = xr.open_dataset(filename, group="sweep_0", engine="nexradlevel2", first_dim="time")
display(ds)
<xarray.Dataset> Size: 42MB
Dimensions: (time: 720, range: 1832)
Coordinates:
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 6kB 2013-07-17T19:50:21.652000 ....
azimuth (time) float64 6kB ...
elevation (time) float64 6kB ...
* range (range) float32 7kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 4.599e+05
longitude float64 8B ...
latitude float64 8B ...
altitude int64 8B ...
Data variables:
DBZH (time, range) float64 11MB ...
ZDR (time, range) float64 11MB ...
PHIDP (time, range) float64 11MB ...
RHOHV (time, range) float64 11MB ...
sweep_mode <U20 80B ...
sweep_number int64 8B ...
prt_mode <U7 28B ...
follow_mode <U7 28B ...
sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B ...
Attributes: (12/16)
instrument_name: KATX
scan_name: VCP-11
dynamic_scan_type: standard
mpda_vcp: False
base_tilt_vcp: False
num_base_tilts: 0
... ...
vcp_pulse_width: short
avset_enabled: False
ebc_enabled: False
super_res_status: 2
rda_build_number: 1320
operational_mode: 4open_nexradlevel2_datatree#
The same works analoguous with the datatree loader. But additionally we can provide a sweep string, number or list.
help(xd.io.open_nexradlevel2_datatree)
Help on function open_nexradlevel2_datatree in module xradar.io.backends.nexrad_level2:
open_nexradlevel2_datatree(
filename_or_obj,
mask_and_scale=True,
decode_times=True,
concat_characters=True,
decode_coords=True,
drop_variables=None,
use_cftime=None,
decode_timedelta=None,
sweep=None,
first_dim='auto',
reindex_angle=False,
fix_second_angle=False,
site_as_coords=True,
optional=True,
optional_groups=False,
incomplete_sweep='drop',
lock=None,
**kwargs
)
Open a NEXRAD Level2 dataset as :py:class:`xarray.DataTree`.
This function loads NEXRAD Level2 radar data into a DataTree structure, which
organizes radar sweeps as separate nodes. Provides options for decoding time
and applying various transformations to the data.
Parameters
----------
filename_or_obj : str, Path, file-like, bytes, list, or DataStore
The path or file-like object representing the radar file.
Path-like objects are interpreted as local or remote paths.
A list or tuple of chunk sources (bytes, file-like, or paths)
will be concatenated before reading. When passing chunks, the
S file (volume header) **must** be the first element and I/E
chunks **must** follow in sequence order (``.001``, ``.002``, …).
Out-of-order chunks produce corrupted data or decompression errors.
mask_and_scale : bool, optional
If True, replaces values in the dataset that match `_FillValue` with NaN
and applies scale and offset adjustments. Default is True.
decode_times : bool, optional
If True, decodes time variables according to CF conventions. Default is True.
concat_characters : bool, optional
If True, concatenates character arrays along the last dimension, forming
string arrays. Default is True.
decode_coords : bool, optional
If True, decodes the "coordinates" attribute to identify coordinates in the
resulting dataset. Default is True.
drop_variables : str or list of str, optional
Specifies variables to exclude from the dataset. Useful for removing problematic
or inconsistent variables. Default is None.
use_cftime : bool, optional
If True, uses cftime objects to represent time variables; if False, uses
`np.datetime64` objects. If None, chooses the best format automatically.
Default is None.
decode_timedelta : bool, optional
If True, decodes variables with units of time (e.g., seconds, minutes) into
timedelta objects. If False, leaves them as numeric values. Default is None.
sweep : int or list of int, optional
Sweep numbers to extract from the dataset. If None, extracts all sweeps into
a list. Default is the first sweep.
first_dim : {"time", "auto"}, optional
Defines the first dimension for each sweep. If "time," uses time as the
first dimension. If "auto," determines the first dimension based on the sweep
type (azimuth or elevation). Default is "auto."
reindex_angle : bool or dict, optional
Controls angle reindexing. If True or a dictionary, applies reindexing with
specified settings (if given). Only used if `decode_coords=True`. Default is False.
fix_second_angle : bool, optional
If True, corrects errors in the second angle data, such as misaligned
elevation or azimuth values. Default is False.
site_as_coords : bool, optional
Attaches radar site coordinates to the dataset if True. Default is True.
optional : bool, optional
If True, suppresses errors for optional dataset attributes, making them
optional instead of required. Default is True.
optional_groups : bool, optional
If True, includes ``/radar_parameters``, ``/georeferencing_correction``
and ``/radar_calibration`` metadata subgroups in the DataTree. These
groups are often empty or sparsely populated. Default is False.
incomplete_sweep : {"drop", "pad"}, optional
How to handle incomplete sweeps (sweeps that were force-closed because
the data ended mid-sweep, e.g. chunk files).
``"drop"`` (default) excludes incomplete sweeps and emits a warning.
``"pad"`` includes them, reindexing to a full azimuth grid with
NaN-filled rays for missing positions.
kwargs : dict
Additional keyword arguments passed to `xarray.open_dataset`.
Returns
-------
dtree : xarray.DataTree
An `xarray.DataTree` representing the radar data organized by sweeps.
dtree = xd.io.open_nexradlevel2_datatree(filename, sweep=4)
display(dtree)
<xarray.DataTree>
Group: /
│ Dimensions: ()
│ Coordinates:
│ latitude float64 8B 48.19
│ longitude float64 8B -122.5
│ altitude int64 8B 195
│ Data variables:
│ volume_number int64 8B 0
│ platform_type <U5 20B 'fixed'
│ instrument_type <U5 20B 'radar'
│ time_coverage_start <U20 80B '2013-07-17T19:51:38Z'
│ time_coverage_end <U20 80B '2013-07-17T19:52:00Z'
│ Attributes: (12/25)
│ Conventions: None
│ instrument_name: KATX
│ version: None
│ title: None
│ institution: None
│ references: None
│ ... ...
│ avset_enabled: False
│ ebc_enabled: False
│ super_res_status: 2
│ rda_build_number: 1320
│ operational_mode: 4
│ actual_elevation_cuts: 16
└── Group: /sweep_4
Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 1352)
Coordinates:
* azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.563 1.533 2.469 ... 358.5 359.6
elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 2.461 2.461 2.461 ... 2.461 2.461
time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
range (range) float32 5kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 3.399e+05
Data variables:
DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
sweep_number int64 8B 4
prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 2.417
Attributes:
waveform_type: staggered_pulse_pair
channel_config: constant_phase
super_resolution: 14
sails_cut: False
sails_sequence_number: 0
mrle_cut: False
mrle_sequence_number: 0
mpda_cut: False
base_tilt_cut: FalsePlot Sweep Range vs. Time#
dtree["sweep_4"].ds.DBZH.sortby("time").plot(y="time", cmap="HomeyerRainbow")
<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x78dfdd80aad0>
Plot Sweep Range vs. Azimuth#
dtree["sweep_4"].ds.DBZH.plot(cmap="HomeyerRainbow")
<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x78dfd6a3a5d0>
dtree = xd.io.open_nexradlevel2_datatree(filename, sweep="sweep_8")
display(dtree)
<xarray.DataTree>
Group: /
│ Dimensions: ()
│ Coordinates:
│ latitude float64 8B 48.19
│ longitude float64 8B -122.5
│ altitude int64 8B 195
│ Data variables:
│ volume_number int64 8B 0
│ platform_type <U5 20B 'fixed'
│ instrument_type <U5 20B 'radar'
│ time_coverage_start <U20 80B '2013-07-17T19:53:05Z'
│ time_coverage_end <U20 80B '2013-07-17T19:53:25Z'
│ Attributes: (12/25)
│ Conventions: None
│ instrument_name: KATX
│ version: None
│ title: None
│ institution: None
│ references: None
│ ... ...
│ avset_enabled: False
│ ebc_enabled: False
│ super_res_status: 2
│ rda_build_number: 1320
│ operational_mode: 4
│ actual_elevation_cuts: 16
└── Group: /sweep_8
Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 704)
Coordinates:
* azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.4999 1.513 2.521 ... 358.5 359.5
elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 6.24 6.24 6.24 ... 6.24 6.24 6.24
time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
range (range) float32 3kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 1.779e+05
Data variables:
DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
sweep_number int64 8B 8
prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 6.196
Attributes:
waveform_type: staggered_pulse_pair
channel_config: constant_phase
super_resolution: 14
sails_cut: False
sails_sequence_number: 0
mrle_cut: False
mrle_sequence_number: 0
mpda_cut: False
base_tilt_cut: Falsedtree = xd.io.open_nexradlevel2_datatree(filename, sweep=[0, 1, 8])
display(dtree)
<xarray.DataTree>
Group: /
│ Dimensions: ()
│ Coordinates:
│ latitude float64 8B 48.19
│ longitude float64 8B -122.5
│ altitude int64 8B 195
│ Data variables:
│ volume_number int64 8B 0
│ platform_type <U5 20B 'fixed'
│ instrument_type <U5 20B 'radar'
│ time_coverage_start <U20 80B '2013-07-17T19:50:21Z'
│ time_coverage_end <U20 80B '2013-07-17T19:53:25Z'
│ Attributes: (12/25)
│ Conventions: None
│ instrument_name: KATX
│ version: None
│ title: None
│ institution: None
│ references: None
│ ... ...
│ avset_enabled: False
│ ebc_enabled: False
│ super_res_status: 2
│ rda_build_number: 1320
│ operational_mode: 4
│ actual_elevation_cuts: 16
├── Group: /sweep_0
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 720, range: 1832)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.2582 0.7526 1.272 ... 359.3 359.8
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.6592 0.6592 ... 0.6592 0.6592
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 6kB ...
│ range (range) float32 7kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 4.599e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 0
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 0.4834
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: contiguous_surveillance
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 11
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_1
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 720, range: 1192)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.2499 0.7938 1.252 ... 359.2 359.8
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.5273 0.5273 ... 0.5273 0.5273
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 6kB ...
│ range (range) float32 5kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 2.999e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 1
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 0.4834
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: contiguous_doppler
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 7
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
└── Group: /sweep_8
Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 704)
Coordinates:
* azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.4999 1.513 2.521 ... 358.5 359.5
elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 6.24 6.24 6.24 ... 6.24 6.24 6.24
time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
range (range) float32 3kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 1.779e+05
Data variables:
DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 2MB ...
sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
sweep_number int64 8B 8
prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 6.196
Attributes:
waveform_type: staggered_pulse_pair
channel_config: constant_phase
super_resolution: 14
sails_cut: False
sails_sequence_number: 0
mrle_cut: False
mrle_sequence_number: 0
mpda_cut: False
base_tilt_cut: Falsedtree["sweep_0"]["sweep_fixed_angle"].values
array(0.48339844)
dtree["sweep_8"]["sweep_fixed_angle"].values
array(6.19628906)
dtree = xd.io.open_nexradlevel2_datatree(
filename,
)
display(dtree)
<xarray.DataTree>
Group: /
│ Dimensions: ()
│ Coordinates:
│ latitude float64 8B 48.19
│ longitude float64 8B -122.5
│ altitude int64 8B 195
│ Data variables:
│ volume_number int64 8B 0
│ platform_type <U5 20B 'fixed'
│ instrument_type <U5 20B 'radar'
│ time_coverage_start <U20 80B '2013-07-17T19:50:21Z'
│ time_coverage_end <U20 80B '2013-07-17T19:55:11Z'
│ Attributes: (12/25)
│ Conventions: None
│ instrument_name: KATX
│ version: None
│ title: None
│ institution: None
│ references: None
│ ... ...
│ avset_enabled: False
│ ebc_enabled: False
│ super_res_status: 2
│ rda_build_number: 1320
│ operational_mode: 4
│ actual_elevation_cuts: 16
├── Group: /sweep_0
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 720, range: 1832)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.2582 0.7526 1.272 ... 359.3 359.8
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.6592 0.6592 ... 0.6592 0.6592
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 6kB ...
│ range (range) float32 7kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 4.599e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 11MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 0
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 0.4834
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: contiguous_surveillance
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 11
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_1
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 720, range: 1192)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.2499 0.7938 1.252 ... 359.2 359.8
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.5273 0.5273 ... 0.5273 0.5273
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 6kB ...
│ range (range) float32 5kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 2.999e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 1
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 0.4834
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: contiguous_doppler
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 7
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_2
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 720, range: 1676)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.2554 0.7553 1.241 ... 359.3 359.8
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 6kB 1.494 1.494 1.494 ... 1.494 1.494
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 6kB ...
│ range (range) float32 7kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 4.209e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 10MB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 10MB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 10MB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 10MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 2
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 1.45
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: contiguous_surveillance
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 11
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_3
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 720, range: 1192)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.2527 0.7526 1.247 ... 359.2 359.8
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 6kB 1.494 1.494 1.494 ... 1.494 1.494
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 6kB ...
│ range (range) float32 5kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 2.999e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 3
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 1.45
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: contiguous_doppler
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 7
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_4
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 1352)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.563 1.533 2.469 ... 358.5 359.6
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 2.461 2.461 2.461 ... 2.461 2.461
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
│ range (range) float32 5kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 3.399e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 4MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 4
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 2.417
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: staggered_pulse_pair
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 14
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_5
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 1112)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.5273 1.522 2.527 ... 358.5 359.5
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 3.384 3.384 3.384 ... 3.384 3.384
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
│ range (range) float32 4kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 2.799e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 3MB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 3MB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 3MB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 3MB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 3MB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 3MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 5
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 3.384
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: staggered_pulse_pair
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 14
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
...
├── Group: /sweep_10
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 500)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.4944 1.502 2.527 ... 358.5 359.5
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 8.701 8.701 8.701 ... 8.701 8.701
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
│ range (range) float32 2kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 1.269e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 10
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 8.701
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: batch
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 10
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_11
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 460)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.5246 1.497 2.499 ... 358.5 359.5
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 10.02 10.02 10.02 ... 10.02 10.02
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
│ range (range) float32 2kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 1.169e+05
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 11
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 10.02
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: batch
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 10
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_12
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 388)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.5081 1.494 2.508 ... 358.5 359.5
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 12.0 12.0 12.0 ... 12.0 12.0 12.0
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
│ range (range) float32 2kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 9.888e+04
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 1MB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 12
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 12.0
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: batch
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 10
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_13
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 332)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.5026 1.502 2.502 ... 358.5 359.5
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 14.02 14.02 14.02 ... 14.02 14.02
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
│ range (range) float32 1kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 8.488e+04
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 956kB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 956kB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 956kB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 956kB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 956kB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 956kB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 13
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 14.02
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: batch
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 10
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
├── Group: /sweep_14
│ Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 280)
│ Coordinates:
│ * azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.4916 1.491 2.494 ... 358.5 359.5
│ elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 16.7 16.7 16.7 ... 16.72 16.7 16.7
│ time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
│ range (range) float32 1kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 7.188e+04
│ Data variables:
│ DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 806kB ...
│ VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 806kB ...
│ WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 806kB ...
│ ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 806kB ...
│ PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 806kB ...
│ RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 806kB ...
│ sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
│ sweep_number int64 8B 14
│ prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
│ sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 16.7
│ Attributes:
│ waveform_type: batch
│ channel_config: constant_phase
│ super_resolution: 10
│ sails_cut: False
│ sails_sequence_number: 0
│ mrle_cut: False
│ mrle_sequence_number: 0
│ mpda_cut: False
│ base_tilt_cut: False
└── Group: /sweep_15
Dimensions: (azimuth: 360, range: 240)
Coordinates:
* azimuth (azimuth) float64 3kB 0.5054 1.5 2.505 ... 358.5 359.5
elevation (azimuth) float64 3kB 19.47 19.47 19.47 ... 19.47 19.47
time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 3kB ...
range (range) float32 960B 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 6.188e+04
Data variables:
DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 691kB ...
VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 691kB ...
WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 691kB ...
ZDR (azimuth, range) float64 691kB ...
PHIDP (azimuth, range) float64 691kB ...
RHOHV (azimuth, range) float64 691kB ...
sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
sweep_number int64 8B 15
prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 19.51
Attributes:
waveform_type: batch
channel_config: constant_phase
super_resolution: 10
sails_cut: False
sails_sequence_number: 0
mrle_cut: False
mrle_sequence_number: 0
mpda_cut: False
base_tilt_cut: Falsedtree["sweep_1"]
<xarray.DataTree 'sweep_1'>
Group: /sweep_1
Dimensions: (azimuth: 720, range: 1192)
Coordinates:
* azimuth (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.2499 0.7938 1.252 ... 359.2 359.8
elevation (azimuth) float64 6kB 0.5273 0.5273 ... 0.5273 0.5273
time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 6kB ...
range (range) float32 5kB 2.125e+03 2.375e+03 ... 2.999e+05
Data variables:
DBZH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 7MB ...
sweep_mode <U20 80B 'azimuth_surveillance'
sweep_number int64 8B 1
prt_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
follow_mode <U7 28B 'not_set'
sweep_fixed_angle float64 8B 0.4834
Attributes:
waveform_type: contiguous_doppler
channel_config: constant_phase
super_resolution: 7
sails_cut: False
sails_sequence_number: 0
mrle_cut: False
mrle_sequence_number: 0
mpda_cut: False
base_tilt_cut: False